室內(nèi)有害污染物的來(lái)源
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- 發(fā)布日期：2017-04-24 11:47:58
或許咱們天天都在不一樣的環(huán)境中為了日子奔走，或許咱們常常在不一樣的位置上扮演各異的人物，或許咱們走著不一樣的人生、領(lǐng)會(huì)不一樣的風(fēng)景，盡管有這么多或許那么多的不同，但咱們天天卻呼吸著一樣的空氣。可是從前新鮮潔凈的空氣不經(jīng)意間成為了經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的犧牲品，而這種危害已經(jīng)充斥著咱們生活的許多地方。
Maybe we every day in different environments in order to day running, we may often in a different position to play different characters, we may walk a different life, understand the different scenery, although there are so many perhaps in so many ways, but we have every day, breathing the same air. However, the fresh and clean air has become a victim of economic and social development, which has been filled with many places in our lives.
室內(nèi)裝飾
Interior decoration
跟著日子條件的逐步進(jìn)步，大家對(duì)居家環(huán)境的質(zhì)量有了更高的請(qǐng)求，居家裝飾已成為一種時(shí)髦。但是在裝飾的過(guò)程中通常會(huì)發(fā)生一些危害健康的物質(zhì)，比較具有代表性的是甲醛和氡氣。甲醛通常發(fā)生于居家的天花板、墻壁貼面運(yùn)用的塑料、隔熱材料及塑料家私中，是一種無(wú)色易溶的刺激性氣體，當(dāng)室內(nèi)含量為 0.1 毫克/立方米時(shí)就有異味和不適感；30毫克/立方米時(shí)可當(dāng)即致使死亡。
With the gradual improvement of the conditions of the day, we have a higher quality of the home environment, home decoration has become a fashion. However, in the process of decoration, there are usually some health hazards. Formaldehyde usually occurs in the home of the ceiling and walls with veneer plastics, insulation materials and plastic furniture, is to stimulate a colorless gas soluble, when the indoor content is 0.1 mg / m3 when the sense of smell and discomfort; 30 mg / m3 when immediately resulting in death.
氡氣的主要來(lái)歷是湖畔放射性建筑材料。當(dāng)室內(nèi)空氣中的氡氣濃度低于建筑結(jié)構(gòu)中所含氡氣濃度時(shí)，建筑物中的氡便向室內(nèi)空氣中擴(kuò)散出氡氣和氡離子體，放射出對(duì)人體有害的射線。高劑量的氡氣，可使人致肺癌、白血病、皮膚癌及其它一些呼吸道病變。據(jù)報(bào)道，一些科學(xué)家已得出結(jié)論，氡氣僅次于吸煙，成為致肺癌的第二大因素。
Radon is the main source of radioactive materials. When the concentration of radon in indoor air is lower than the structures contained in the radon concentration in buildings, radon to indoor air radon and radon diffusion of plasma, emit harmful rays. High doses of radon can cause lung cancer, leukemia, skin cancer and other respiratory diseases. According to reports, some scientists have concluded that radon is second only to smoking, becoming the second leading cause of lung cancer.
廚房油煙
Kitchen fumes
廚房是各類(lèi)美食的誕生地，而中國(guó)人“民以食為天”的傳統(tǒng)也讓廚房環(huán)境與大家的健康休戚相關(guān)。在廚房煮飯時(shí)，焚燒各種燃料會(huì)發(fā)生很多的氣體污染物，如煙塵、二氧化碳、二氧化氮、二氧化硫等，對(duì)廚房空氣形成較大影響。另外在烹調(diào)過(guò)程中，高油溫所發(fā)生的苯并芘等有毒物質(zhì)會(huì)對(duì)居室空間空氣形成嚴(yán)峻污染，而醛、醇、苯呋喃等有害化合物對(duì)人體器官也會(huì)形成危害，油煙中的丁二烯還有使細(xì)胞發(fā)生遺傳毒性的效果。
The kitchen is the birthplace of delicacy, and Chinese "hunger breeds discontentment" tradition make the kitchen environment and the health of everyone bound together in a common cause. When cooking in the kitchen, burning a variety of fuels will produce a lot of gas pollutants, such as smoke, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, a greater impact on the kitchen air. In the process of cooking, the high oil temperature of benzopyrene and other toxic substances will cause severe pollution to the air and room space, aldehyde, alcohol, benzene and other harmful compounds of furan on human organs will be formed in the fumes and harm, butadiene make the cell genetic toxicity effect.
電器
An electric appliance
各種電器的運(yùn)用在給大家日子帶來(lái)便利和享用的一起，也會(huì)形成相應(yīng)的污染。在一些國(guó)家的查詢標(biāo)明，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間處在空調(diào)室的大家簡(jiǎn)單患上“空調(diào)綜合癥”，在溫、濕度適合的環(huán)境中卻簡(jiǎn)單出現(xiàn)呼吸道枯燥、鼻塞、關(guān)節(jié)酸痛等表現(xiàn)，同時(shí)胸悶，憋氣，思維不會(huì)集，簡(jiǎn)單疲憊。導(dǎo)致“空調(diào)綜合癥”的原因主要是因?yàn)榭照{(diào)等電器設(shè)備發(fā)生正離子，室內(nèi)空氣經(jīng)重復(fù)過(guò)濾后，空氣離子濃度發(fā)生了改變，負(fù)氧離子數(shù)目明顯削減而正離子過(guò)多。大家在低負(fù)離子的環(huán)境中工作和日子，易形成人體內(nèi)分泌和自立神經(jīng)功用紊亂。
The use of a variety of electrical appliances to bring convenience and enjoyment of the day together, will form a corresponding pollution. That in some countries the query, a long time in air-conditioned room all have simple air conditioning, the temperature and humidity in the environment is suitable for simple respiratory dry, stuffy nose, joint pain and other symptoms, and chest tightness, hold your breath, not thinking, simply tired. Cause the air conditioning syndrome "is mainly because of the positive ion air conditioning and other electrical equipment, indoor air by repeated filtration, changed air ion concentration, negative oxygen ion and positive ion number obviously cut down too much. We work in low negative ion environment and days, easy to form a human endocrine and autonomic nervous dysfunction.
近來(lái)，復(fù)印機(jī)所發(fā)生的空氣污染也導(dǎo)致了大家的注重。日本國(guó)立公共健康研究所發(fā)布的查詢結(jié)果標(biāo)明，在一些經(jīng)常運(yùn)用復(fù)印機(jī)的當(dāng)?shù)兀粞鯘舛茸阋晕：Υ蠹医】?。臭氧具有很?qiáng)的氧化效果，其氧化發(fā)生的氮氧化物對(duì)人的呼吸道具有很強(qiáng)的刺激性。
Recently, the air pollution caused by copying machine has also caused the attention of everyone. Japan's National Institute of public health, the results of the survey shows that in some of the local use of copiers, the concentration of ozone is harmful to people's health. Ozone has a strong oxidation effect, the oxidation of nitrogen oxides on the human breathing props have strong stimulation.
清潔間
Clean room
清潔間內(nèi)空氣污染的首犯是氨氣。一方面來(lái)自于冬天施工中所運(yùn)用的防凍劑在夏日的開(kāi)釋?zhuān)硪环矫媲鍧嶉g比較厚的防水層也會(huì)發(fā)生一定量的氨氣，此外，下水道中也簡(jiǎn)單聚集氨氣。氨氣會(huì)麻木呼吸道纖毛、危害黏膜上皮組織，使病原微生物易于侵入，還能經(jīng)過(guò)肺泡進(jìn)入血液，與血紅蛋白聯(lián)系，破壞運(yùn)氧功用。有些清潔間沒(méi)有通風(fēng)窗戶，致使一些有毒有害物質(zhì)無(wú)法及時(shí)分散，尤其是主臥帶主衛(wèi)的狀況最嚴(yán)峻。一起，因?yàn)榍鍧嶉g濕度較大，易繁殖有害菌。
Air pollution is the culprit of ammonia in clean rooms. On the one hand from the winter construction of the use of antifreeze in the summer release, on the other hand, a relatively thick layer of water between the cleaner will occur a certain amount of ammonia, in addition, the sewage is also a simple gathering of ammonia. Ammonia will numb the respiratory tract cilia, harmful to the mucosal epithelial tissue, so that pathogenic microorganisms are easy to invade, but also through the alveoli into the blood, and hemoglobin, the destruction of oxygen transport function. Some clean room without ventilation windows, resulting in a number of toxic and harmful substances can not be dispersed in time, especially the master bedroom with the main guardian of the most severe situation. Together, because the clean room humidity, easy to breed harmful bacteria.
家私及飾品
Furniture and accessories
家私及裝飾品是大家家居日子的主要組成部分，但大家在采購(gòu)家私時(shí)通常會(huì)集重視其外觀的時(shí)髦、簡(jiǎn)便、價(jià)格便宜等方面，而忽視了家私中也潛藏著很多健康“殺手”。例如人工板家私在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中需求參加黏合劑進(jìn)行粘結(jié)，家私的外表還要刷涂各種油漆，這些黏合劑和油漆都富含很多揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物，會(huì)嚴(yán)峻污染居室空氣，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間吸入這些有害物質(zhì)，會(huì)對(duì)呼吸系統(tǒng)、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)形成損害。
Furniture and decorations are the main part of people Home Furnishing days, but everyone in the procurement of furniture usually pay attention to the appearance of fashion, have simple, cheap, and ignore the hidden in a lot of furniture also health "killer". For example, artificial plate furniture in the production process requirements in adhesive bonding, furniture appearance also brush paint, adhesives and paint these are rich in a lot of volatile organic compounds, serious indoor air pollution, long time inhalation of these harmful substances will damage to the respiratory system, nervous system.
地毯是酒店、家庭客廳和臥室喜愛(ài)擺放的飾品，本來(lái)地毯也會(huì)對(duì)居室空氣形成不良影響。純羊毛地毯的細(xì)毛絨是一種過(guò)敏原，可導(dǎo)致皮膚過(guò)敏，乃至導(dǎo)致哮喘?；w地毯則可向空氣中開(kāi)釋甲醛、丙稀等物質(zhì)。而窗布的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中常會(huì)參加人工樹(shù)脂等助劑以及染料、收拾劑，這些助劑當(dāng)中就富含甲醛。
Carpet is the hotel, the family living room and bedroom favorite placed ornaments, carpet will also have a negative impact on the living room air. Pure wool carpet is a kind of allergen, can cause skin allergies, and even lead to asthma. Chemical fiber carpet can be released into the air of formaldehyde, acrylic and other substances. But often the production process window cloth in artificial resin and other additives and dyes, clean agent, these additives which contains formaldehyde.
除了上述羅列的一些污染源以外，像汽車(chē)尾氣等有害氣體的排放、飼養(yǎng)寵物、較關(guān)閉或遭到二手煙影響的場(chǎng)合，以及醫(yī)院、酒店等公共場(chǎng)合，都簡(jiǎn)單使空氣質(zhì)量降低，乃至含有某些有害病菌，然后危害大家健康。
In addition to the above listed some sources of pollution, such as automobile exhaust emissions of harmful gases, pets, is closed or by the effects of secondhand smoke situation, as well as hospitals, hotels and other public places, are easy to make the air quality decrease, and even contain some harmful bacteria, then all health hazards.
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